Raynaud's disease is characterized by an alteration in the blood circulation of the hands and feet, which can also reach the fingers, the nose, the earlobes. The color of the skin varies abruptly, becoming initially pale and cold, turning to bluish or purple and finally, the skin returns to its normal reddish color.
The cause of the sudden change in the color of these regions is unknown, but studies have shown that it may be associated with exposure to cold and sudden emotional changes and, therefore, this disease is more common among women. Its first episode usually happens before the age of 40.
Main symptoms
The symptoms of Raynaud's disease appear most often on colder days, when the person needs to look for something in the freezer, or when he enters the sea and the water is very cold. In these cases, there is a change in the blood circulation of the extremities, such as fingertips, ears, nose and feet, for example.
Due to the low amount of blood that reaches the extremities, these regions become whitish and cold, and there may be a tingling sensation. Know other symptoms of Raynaud's phenomenon.
Causes of Raynaud's disease
The main cause of Raynaud's phenomenon is constant or prolonged exposure to cold, which results in altered blood flow. However, this phenomenon can also happen due to other situations, such as:
- Poliomyositis and dermatomyositis; Rheumatoid arthritis; Sjogren's syndrome; Hypothyroidism; Carpal tunnel syndrome; Polycythemia vera; Cryoglobulinemia.
In addition, Raynaud's phenomenon can happen as a consequence of using some medication, using cigarettes and performing activities with repetitive movements, for example.
How the treatment is done
Raynaud's phenomenon does not normally require specific treatment, and it is only recommended, in most cases, that the region be heated in order for the circulation to be activated and restored. However, it is important to go to the doctor if the symptoms persist or the extremities become dark, as it may mean that the tissues are dying due to lack of oxygen, and it may be necessary to amputate the affected region.
To avoid necrosis, it is recommended to avoid cold places and use gloves and thick socks in winter, for example. In addition, it is recommended not to smoke, as nicotine can also interfere with blood circulation, reducing the amount of blood that reaches the extremities.
However, when the extremities are constantly cold and whitish, the doctor may recommend the use of some medicines, such as Nifedipine, Diltiazem, Prazosin or Nitroglycerin in ointment, for example.
