Generally, a woman can get pregnant even if she has a fibroid, and this does not usually pose risks to the mother or baby. However, when a woman becomes pregnant with a fibroid, it can cause bleeding, due to hormonal changes typical of pregnancy, which can cause the fibroid to enlarge.
Pregnancy symptoms arise only when there are large, numerous fibroids or inside the uterus, and this can even become a risky pregnancy. The main treatment done is rest and use and analgesic medications, such as paracetamol and ibuprofen.
Risks of fibroids in pregnancy
Generally, the fibroid in pregnancy is not serious, but complications can arise in the woman who has a large fibroid, especially if it is located inside the uterus, as is the case of the intramural fibroid. Risks can be:
- Abdominal pain and colic, which can appear at any time during pregnancy; Abortion, occurs in the first trimester of pregnancy, because some fibroids can cause heavy bleeding; Placental detachment, in cases of fibroids that occupy the site or make it difficult to fix the placenta on the wall of the uterus; Limitation of the baby's growth, due to very large fibroids that occupy or push the uterus; Premature delivery, as delivery can be anticipated in large fibroids, which cause bleeding and cramps.
The few cases in which these situations occur are more delicate and must be well monitored by the obstetrician, with more frequent consultations and more tests, such as ultrasounds.
How the treatment is done
It is not always necessary to treat the fibroid in pregnancy, but in any case, rest and use of analgesic medications, such as paracetamol or ibuprofen, are indicated for women who present with symptoms of pain and light bleeding.
Surgery to remove the fibroid can be indicated during pregnancy, and can be done by the belly or the vagina. It is usually indicated in cases of fibroids that cause pain and persistent bleeding or that are large enough to cause risks to the baby or the woman. But even in these cases, the decision between performing the surgery must be made when the risk of surgery is less than the risk of the fibroid remaining inside the uterus.
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How is delivery
Since in most cases there are no risks for the mother or baby, delivery can be normal, especially in women with small fibroids and few symptoms. Cesarean section may be indicated by the obstetrician in cases of pregnant women with fibroids who:
- Bleed or are at risk of bleeding, causing a greater chance of bleeding at birth; They are very painful, causing pain and suffering to the woman during childbirth; They take up a lot of space in the uterus, making it difficult for the baby to leave; They involve a large part of the wall of the uterus, making it difficult or altering its contraction.
The choice of type of delivery can be discussed in person with the obstetrician, taking into account the size and location of the fibroid, as well as the woman's desire to have a normal or cesarean delivery.
An advantage of having a cesarean section is the possibility of removing the fibroid during delivery, especially if they are outside the uterus.
