Systemic arterial hypertension, also popularly known as high blood pressure disease, is a silent disease. It usually does not cause symptoms, but if not properly controlled, it can lead to the emergence of various health problems such as acute myocardial infarction, strokes, acute lung edema, aortic dissection, which can lead to death.
Normally, arterial hypertension is considered when the patient has at least two measurements with values equal to or greater than 140 x 90 mmHg. Arterial hypertension can be divided into two types:
- Primary arterial hypertension: it does not have a specific cause, developing over the years due to aging, lack of exercise, excess weight or excessive salt consumption, sometimes associated with a family history of SAH (systemic arterial hypertension). Secondary arterial hypertension: it is the rarest type of hypertension, appearing as a consequence of some diseases such as diabetes, Cushing's syndrome or kidney problems, for example.
Arterial hypertension has no cure, but it can be controlled with the regular use of medicines for high blood pressure prescribed by the cardiologist, poor salt intake and regular exercise. Know the amount of salt that should be consumed per day.
Treatment for high blood pressure
Treatment for high blood pressure is based on the association of a low-salt diet, regular physical activity and the use of hypotensive medications. The low salt diet can be guided by a nutritionist and the regular practice of physical exercise should be in accordance with the guidance of the doctor and a physical education teacher.
Nowadays, there are several types of antihypertensive medications that must be prescribed according to each case, by the cardiologist, such as Captopril, Losartana, Enalapril, Anlodipino, Ramipril, diuretics, for example.
Here's how to diet for hypertension.
In addition, the patient with arterial hypertension should have regular consultations with the cardiologist to assess blood pressure and adjust treatment.
Symptoms of high blood pressure
Symptoms of hypertension are rare, but can include:
- Dizziness; Headache, especially in the neck; Changes in vision; Bleeding from the nose; Difficulty breathing; Pain in the chest.
These symptoms are more frequent during a hypertensive crisis, when the patient is not doing the treatment properly or does not know that he has the disease, and must be treated at the hospital.
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