- Types of orchiectomy
- 1. Simple orchiectomy
- 2. Radical inguinal orchiectomy
- 3. Subcapsular orchiectomy
- 4. Bilateral orchiectomy
- How is the post-operative recovery
- What are the consequences of orchiectomy
Orchiectomy is a surgery in which one or both testicles are removed. Generally, this surgery is performed in order to treat or prevent the spread of prostate cancer or to treat or prevent testicular cancer and breast cancer in men, since it is the testicles that produce most of the testosterone, which is a hormone that makes these types of cancer grow faster.
In addition, this procedure can also be used for people who want to switch from male to female in order to reduce the amount of testosterone in the body.
Types of orchiectomy
There are several types of orchiectomy, depending on the purpose of the procedure:
1. Simple orchiectomy
In this type of surgery, one or both testicles are removed from a small cut in the scrotum, which can be done to treat breast or prostate cancer, in order to reduce the amount of testosterone the body produces. Find out all about prostate cancer.
2. Radical inguinal orchiectomy
Radical inguinal orchiectomy is performed by making a cut in the abdominal region and not in the scrotum. Generally, orchiectomy is performed in this way, when a lump is found in a testicle, for example, in order to be able to test this tissue and see if it has cancer, since a regular biopsy can cause it to spread throughout the body.
This procedure is also commonly used for people who wish to change their sex.
3. Subcapsular orchiectomy
In this procedure, the tissue that is inside the testicles, that is, the region that produces sperm and testosterone, is removed, preserving the testicular capsule, the epididymis and the spermatic cord.
4. Bilateral orchiectomy
Bilateral orchiectomy is a surgery in which both testicles are removed, which can happen in case of prostate cancer, breast cancer or in people who intend to change their sex. Learn more about gender dysphoria.
How is the post-operative recovery
Usually, the person is discharged immediately after the surgery, however, it is necessary to return to the hospital the next day to confirm that everything is fine. Recovery can take between 2 weeks to 2 months.
In the week following the surgery, the doctor may recommend applying ice to the area, to relieve swelling, wash the area with a mild soap, keep the area dry and covered with gauze, use only the creams and ointments that are recommended by the doctor and take painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs that reduce pain and inflammation.
One should also avoid making great efforts, lifting weights or having sex while the incision is not healed. If the person has difficulty evacuating, they can try taking a mild laxative to avoid making too much effort.
The doctor may also recommend the use of a support for the scrotum, which should be used for about 2 days.
What are the consequences of orchiectomy
After the removal of the testicles, due to the reduction of testosterone, side effects such as osteoporosis, infertility, hot flashes, depression and erectile dysfunction are likely to occur.
It is very important to talk to the doctor if any of these effects occur, in order to establish solutions to maintain a good quality of life.
