Epigastric hernia is characterized by a kind of hole, which is formed due to the weakening of the muscle of the abdominal wall, above the navel, allowing tissues to escape out of this opening, such as fatty tissue or even part of the intestine, forming a bulge that becomes visible on the outside of the belly.
Generally, epigastric hernia does not cause other symptoms, however, in some cases, you may experience pain or discomfort in the region, such as when a person coughs or lifts weights, for example.
Treatment consists of performing surgery, in which the tissues are reintroduced into the abdominal cavity. In addition, a mesh can also be placed to strengthen the abdominal wall.
Possible causes
Epigastric hernia is caused by a weakening of the muscles of the abdominal wall. Some of the factors that can contribute to the weakening of these muscles are being overweight, practicing certain types of sports, doing heavy work or making great efforts, for example.
What symptoms
In most cases, the epigastric hernia is asymptomatic, with only a swelling in the region above the navel. However, in some cases, pain and discomfort may occur in the region, such as when coughing or lifting weights, for example.
In addition, if the hernia increases in size, the intestine may exit the abdominal wall. As a consequence, there may be an obstruction or strangulation of the intestine, which generates symptoms such as constipation, vomiting and diarrhea, and in these cases, surgery is necessary to correct it.
Know how to differentiate epigastric hernia from umbilical hernia.
How the treatment is done
In most cases, epigastric hernia should be treated when symptomatic, in order to avoid complications.
The surgery can be performed with local anesthesia, when it is small, or general and consists of the reintroduction and replacement of protruding tissues in the abdominal cavity. Then, the doctor sutures the opening, and can also place a mesh in the region, when a large volume hernia, in order to strengthen the abdominal wall and prevent the hernia from forming again.
Usually, recovery from surgery is quick and successful, and the person is discharged about a day or two later. During the recovery period, the person should avoid making efforts and performing intense activities. The doctor can also prescribe analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs to relieve postoperative pain.
Side effects of surgery
Surgery is generally well tolerated, causing only mild pain and bruising in the incision area. However, although it is rare, infection can occur in the region and, in about 1 to 5% of cases, hernia can reoccur.
