Bunion surgery is performed when other forms of treatment have not been successful and, therefore, it aims to definitively correct deformity caused by hallux valgus , the scientific name for which the bunion is known, and to relieve discomfort.
The type of surgery used can vary according to the person's age and the type of deformation caused by the bunion, however, in most cases it consists of cutting the thumb bone and placing the finger in the correct place. The new position of the toe is usually fixed with the use of an internal screw, but it can also be accompanied by the application of a prosthesis.
Generally, bunion surgery is performed in the orthopedist's office under local anesthesia and, therefore, it is possible to return home a few hours after the end of the surgery.
When to have surgery
Surgery to treat the bunion is usually done when no other form of treatment has been able to relieve the discomfort and limitations caused by the change in the big toe.
In most cases, surgery is done when the pain is very intense and constant, but it can also be considered when there are other signs such as:
- Chronic swelling of the thumb; Deformation of the other toes; Difficulty walking; Difficulty bending or stretching the thumb.
This surgery should be avoided when it is done only for aesthetic reasons and there are no symptoms, as there is a high risk of persistent pain after surgery. Thus, it is always recommended to choose the other forms of treatment first, such as using orthopedic insoles and performing exercises.
Watch the following video and see some exercises to relieve bunion pain:
How is recovery from surgery
The recovery time varies according to the type of surgery, as well as the quality of the bone and general health. In the case of percutaneous surgery, many patients may already be able to put their feet on the floor with the use of a special shoe, known as "augusta sandal", which relieves pressure on the operated site. In other cases, recovery may take up to 6 weeks.
It is also necessary to take some precautions such as avoiding putting too much weight on the foot, keeping the foot elevated in the first 7 to 10 days and applying cold compresses, to reduce swelling and pain. To bathe it is advisable to place a plastic bag, protecting the foot from water, in order to avoid wetting the bandages.
In addition, the orthopedist also prescribes analgesic remedies to reduce pain in the postoperative period, which can also be alleviated with physical therapy, skin less, twice a week.
During recovery from surgery, one should gradually return to daily activities at home and be aware of signs of complications, such as fever, excessive swelling or severe pain at the surgery site, using the orthopedist if they arise.
Which shoes to choose
During the postoperative period, it is necessary to wear the shoes recommended by the doctor for at least 2 to 4 weeks. After that period, preference should be given to running shoes or shoes that are not tight and comfortable.
Possible risks of surgery
Bunion surgery is quite safe, however, like any other surgery, there is always some risk of:
- Bleeding; Infections at the site; Nerve damage.
In addition, even if the bunion does not return, there are also some cases in which constant finger pain and stiffness may appear, and it may take several physiotherapy sessions to improve the result.
